Hydatid disease is a parasitic infestation by echinococcus granulosus, which involves the liver and lungs primarily. Disseminated alveolar hydatid disease resembling a. Department of internal medicine, university of cape town, cape town, south africa. These findings strongly suggested the diagnosis of disseminated hydatid disease and it was confirmed by serological tests for echinococcus granulosus. Pathology hydatid cyst structure a primary cyst in the liver is composed of three layers. Disseminated hydatidosis is a rare disease and may involve any organ of the human body. Paikos2 1ophthalmology department, athens university, attikon hospital 2ophthalmology department, agia sofia childrens hospital, athens greece introduction hydatid disease is endemic in most sheepraising countries in. Less common forms include polycystic echinococcosis and unicystic echinococcosis.
Disseminated hydatid disease, the american journal of. Hydatid disease is a disease caused by ingesting larva of the parasite known as echinococcus. A fistulous communication developed between one of the hydatid cysts present in the retrovesical region and the bladder, because of which the patient presented with hydatiduria. Disseminated intraabdominal hydatid disease may occur with the rupture of the hydatid cyst into the peritoneal cavity, producing secondary echinococcosis. Disseminated hydatid disease mistaken for polycystic.
Infection with echinococcus leads to the development of cysts in various organs. Echinococcus granulosus, resulting in the disease cystic echinococcosis. Primary disseminated extrahepatic abdominal hydatid cyst. The spread of hydatid disease can be associated with the lymphatic or systemic circulation 8. Cureus disseminated hydatid disease in a child involving. Case report disseminated alveolar hydatid disease resembling a metastatic malignancy. Disseminated hydatidosis with rare presentation as. Echinococcal disease is caused by infection with the metacestode stage of the tapeworm echinococcus, which belongs to the family taeniidae. After surgery, the echinococcosis disseminated and he developed chronic lytic and sinusdraining hydatid disease of the left. The swelling was diffuse but prominent over both the flanks. The two main types of the disease are cystic echinococcosis and alveolar echinococcosis.
A cestode, echinococcus granulosus usually causes cystic echinococcosis. Echinococcosis is a parasitic disease of tapeworms of the echinococcus type. The patient was referred to the urology department for further management. The two species have different life cycles, clinical presentations, natural histories and management. Discussion intraperitoneal hydatid disease is seen in % of all cases. Disseminated abdominopelvic intraperitoneal hydatid. Disseminated hydatid cyst of liver and lung bmj case reports. The symptoms and signs that occur depend on the cysts location and size. The authors report a case of disseminated hydatid disease involving multiple. Management of cystic echinococcosis complications and.
Send by email view as pdf send by post hydatid disease also known as hydatidosis or echinococcosis is a potentially serious, sometimes fatal, condition caused by cysts containing the larval stages of the echinococcus granulosus e. Humans can only be infected by echinococcus if they have a close contact with animals. Hydatid cysts of the liver diagnosis, complications and treatment 107 3. Nagpal v, kohli k, chowdhary a, kumar a, andley m, ravi b. Pdf disseminated alveolar hydatid disease resembling a. Here, we report the case of a patient with disseminated cystic echinococcosis, who had a complicated clinical course due to a delayed diagnosis and. The patient under examination had been having a complaint of cough and lowgrade fever for the last one year. There are two main species of the echinococcus tapeworm 1,2. A 75yearold man presented with straining and increased frequency at micturition for a week and abdominal distension for 2 months. This condition is more likely to be fatal than the disease caused by e. Primary disseminated hydatid disease of the vertebral body. In our patient, the presence of perihepatic adhesions, as well as omental and tubal hydatid cysts, pointed to a diagnosis of hydatid cyst of the liver as the primary lesion. Disseminated hydatid disease disseminated hydatid disease canda, aras emre 20090701 00. Cystic echinococcosus has a world wide geographical distribution.
However, disseminated tuberculosis and echinococcosis are benign conditions that can mimic an ovarian malignancy. We herein reported a very rare case of lung hydatidosis as a result of disseminated hydatid cysts from intra. Disseminated hydatid disease, also known as disseminated abdominal hydatidosisis, is a rare presentation of hydatid disease. It can cause a variety of complications in the liver. Disseminated cerebral hydatid disease multiple intracranial. Hydatid cysts of the liver diagnosis, complications and. Discussion hydatid cysts hcs result from infection by the echinococcus worm, and can result in cyst formation anywhere in the body 17. Multiple intracranial lesions can result from rupture of an initial single intracranial cyst in cystic echinococcosis or from dissemination of systemic disease of the lung, liver or heart cystic and alveolar echinococcosis. We present a rare case of disseminated primary hydatid disease involving the vertebral body and extensive extradural paravertebral soft tissue causing cord compression. A diagnostic challenge a report of two cases mesutbulakci, 1 erdemyilmaz, 1 ferhatcengel, 2 ahmetgocmez, 1 mervegulbizkartal, 1 eminegoknurisik, 3 erhancelenk, 1 gulcinyegen, 4 andartursalmaslioglu 1 department of radiology, istanbul faculty of medicine, istanbul university, millet caddesi, capa. Secondary involvement due to hematogenous dissemination may be found in almost any anatomic location.
The mediterranean basin is an important endemic area 6,7. Introduction echinococcosis hydatid disease is a zoonosis caused by the larval stage of taenia echinococcosis, where humans are the accidental intermediate host and animals are both intermediate and. All four hc types can be seen in the liver, with the right lobe being the most common site of involvement. Pdf hydatid disease is one of the commonest parasitic infections of the liver. It primarily involves the liver but can be disseminated to other organs like the lungs and the brain by hematogenous route.
The disease is endemic in certain parts of the world. Hydatid cysts result from infection by the echinococcus species, and can result in cyst formation anywhere in the body. Severe disseminated hydatid disease successfully treated medically with prolonged administration of albendazole ntobeko a. Introduction hydatid disease, human infection with the larval stage of tapeworms of the. Since then, 38 echinococcosis cases have been reported, most from endemic areas. Four species of echinococcus produce infection in humans. Long term followup of a patient with disseminated spinal hydatidosis. Figure 1disseminated abdominal, retroperitoneal, and pelvic hydatid disease. There are four types of hydatid cysts hcs with various levels of organ involvement. Unusual presentation of severely disseminated and rapidly. Dissemination of hd may occur following rupture of the hydatid cyst into the peritoneal cavity. The disease often starts without symptoms and this may last for years. Disseminated hydatid disease causing paraplegia and.
Introduction echinococcosis hydatid disease is a zoonosis caused by the larval stage of taenia echinococcosis, where humans are the accidental intermediate host and animals are both intermediate and definitive hosts. Successful management of these patients and possible routes for abdominopelvic dissemination of the disease are discussed. Humans do not play a role in the biological cycle of e. Rupture of hydatid cyst into abdominal cavity, causing multifocal dissemination, is uncommon complication affecting 2 12% of patients. Disseminated hydatid disease mistaken for polycystic kidney disease by ultrasound. An imported case of disseminated echinococcosis in korea. The patient was treated with surgical decompression of the spine and spinal stabilization was achieved using implants followed by antihelminthic therapy using oral albendazole. Hydatid disease, caused by echinococcus granulosus, is a common parasitic infection of the liver.
The abdomen showed bimanually palpable and ballotable masses in the loin suggestive of renal mass. Infestation by hydatid disease in humans most commonly occurs in the liver 5570% followed by the lung 1835%. Abdominopelvic masses with ascites, peritoneal disease, pleural effusion, and elevated serum ca125 levels in a patient raises the clinical suspicion of advanced ovarian cancer. Disseminated peritoneal hydatidosis following blunt. Describe the imaging features of hydatid disease in various anatomic locations. Hydatid disease is a parasitic infestation by echinococcus granulosus characterized by cyst formation in various organs.
Mostly, hydatid cyst is primarily in liver 75% and lung 15%. In this report we are discussing an unusual case of intraabdominal hd that was ongoing for 22 years despite two surgical interventions. The former is commonly seen in the great grazing regions of the worldparticularly the mediterranean region, africa, south america, the middle east, australia, and new zealandand is. Peritoneal hydatidosis is almost always secondary to hepatic disease, although some unusual cases of primary peritoneal hydatidosis have been described. Disseminated hydatid disease heart, brain, lung and. Discuss the roles of us, ct, and mr imaging in the diagnosis of hydatid disease. Intracranial echinococcosis is relatively uncommon and usually occurs in the context of echinococcal lesions elsewhere in the body, mostly liver and lung. Breast lump as a presentation of a hydatid disease. Hydatid disease is one of the most geographically widespread zoonoses with substantial disease burden. The two main types of hydatid disease are caused by e granulosus and e multilocularis.
Disseminated hydatidosis is an infrequent condition that usually results from the rupture of a liver cyst, with subsequent seeding of protoscolices in the abdominal cavity2. Disseminated alveolar hydatid disease resembling a metastatic malignancy. Primary peritoneal hydatid cyst disease is a rare phenomenon. Hydatid disease hd is a unique parasitic disease that primarily affects the liver and is endemic in many parts of the world. Disseminated hydatid disease heart, brain, lung and vascular involvement a rare case report international journal of research in health sciences, 2014, 2, 2, 650653. Hydatid cyst can affect many organs, but liver is the most common site, followed by lungs. After surgery, the echinococcosis disseminated and he developed chronic lytic and sinusdraining hydatid disease of the left hip and neuromuscular weakness of the left lower extremity.
Hydatid cyst disease can occurs in liver 63%, lungs 25%, muscles 5%, bone 3%, kidney 2%, brain 1%, spleen 1%. An extensive electronic search of the relevant literature was performed using medline and the cochrane library. The authors report a case of disseminated hydatid disease involving multiple organs simultaneously in a 7yearold child from kabul, afghanistan. In our case, there was a history of the rupture of a mesenteric cystic lesion during surgery. Hydatid disease from head to toe rsna publications online. Nearly 30% of these oncospheres escape from the hepatic filter and settle in the lungs, which are the second most commonly involved organ. Most infections in humans are asymptomatic, but ce, also known as hydatid disease, causes. Significant symptomatic relief was achieved within the first two months of combination therapy with albendazole and praziquantel. Seventeen years after the spinal surgery, he was referred to our. A patient who had had been treated by surgery for spinal echinococcosis in a mediterranean country emigrated to northern europe. Disseminated abdominal hydatidosis sir, human hydatid disease results from infection with larval form of echinococcus granulosus. In this case, an elderly female got infected by echinococcus and presented with disseminated disease. The surface was irregular and a diagnosis of polycystic kidney disease was considered.
Hydatid disease from head to toe1 learning objectives for test 6 after reading this article and taking the test, the reader will be able to. We present a case of primary disseminated abdominal hd presenting with the complaint of a pain in the epigastric region along with intermittent fever. Multiorgan involvement and the aggressive appearance of lesions make alveolar hydatid disease easy to confuse. Severe disseminated hydatid disease successfully treated. Hydatid disease hd is a parasitic disease, most frequently caused by echinococcus granulosus or echinococcus multilocularis and rarely by echinococcus vogeli or echinococcus oligarthus. Secondary peritoneal disease usually occurs as a result of either traumatic or surgical rupture, as in this case, of a primary hepatic or splenic cyst. Pdf disseminated hydatid disease mistaken for polycystic.
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